Epigenetic regulation of gene activity is essential for development and response to environmental changes in living organisms. Discover fundamental principles and key concepts of epigenetics, including the specific molecular mechanisms and structural changes. Examine these changes in the context of modifying factors such as transposable elements, RNA interference, and dosage compensation. Discuss recent advances in epigenetic reprogramming, stem cell applications, and the influence of epigenetic changes on disease. Critically review and discuss original research publications about epigenetic phenomena.